Paper details:
1. Examine the legal consequences, if any, of failing to comply with an information security standard. The following set of facts applies : M&M is a UK-based retailer, with its flagship store in London and branches in large cities throughout the world, including in Los Angeles, CA and Boston, MA and Las Vegas, NV. Last week, M&M discovered that, over the last year, its customers’ credit card information and other personal data involving sales from both online purchases and in store sales in the US had been stolen, possibly involving many millions of records. The UK credit card information included the online purchases involving its own store credit cards used by over half the UK customers for the 5% discount it gives them. The hacker apparently gained access to the M&M’s system by using the log-on credentials of a 3rd-party service provider obtained somehow, likely via a phishing email. Unbeknownst to M&M, the service provider had a very basic anti-virus program in place without live updates. Thus, the installation of keylogger malware on the vendor’s system went undetected. Although M&M’s systems logs show that its own intrusion detection system issued a live alert on several occasions over the last few months, the IT people ignored them. As a result, M&M failed to detect the installation of malware onto M&M’s systems that enabled the hackers to install RAM scraping software that allowed them to read the magnetic strips on the US credit cards that its point of sale terminals still process. The hackers also accessed M&M’s database where the online transaction data was stored by means of an SQL injection attack, one of the most common ways of accessing a system via a website. M&M had been planning to test and harden its web servers sometime this year in preparation for an external certification assessment in connection with its card payment obligations. It had not gotten around to it yet. It believed that its customer data was secure since it encrypted certain columns of the database. However, it used an encryption program that, without a published 2019 patch, was readily susceptible to brute force attack. That allowed the encrypted data to be decrypted. They also had access to the cleartext data in other columns that included the customers’ email and home addresses. M&M had not installed the patch. Customers in London and all of the US cities have already called, advising that they are experiencing fraudulent charges and wondering if these could have arisen from their M&M transactions. M&M has sought your advice as to what actions it should take and what potential liabilities it may have. With regard to the above fact pattern: II. Advise M&M with respect to the US and the applicable laws and criminal and/or civil liabilities if any. please respond as professional legal counsel would. applying relevant application laws in the unitagned states or international laws.
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